Energy, from first principles
Learn how energy moves through real systems.
Turtleand Energy starts small: clear articles first, with simulations inside the lesson when a model needs to become visible.
Articles
Current articles.
Lesson 01
Lesson 1: Electricity from first principles
Start with source, push, flow, resistance, load, power, and energy before memorizing equations.
Lesson 02
Lesson 2: Static charge buildup
See how charge imbalance accumulates, reaches a critical point, and releases suddenly as a spark.
Lesson 03
Lesson 3: Simple circuits from first principles
Understand source, path, load, switch, and return path before adding circuit formulas.
Lesson 04
Lesson 4: Ohm's Law without formula fear
Learn voltage, current, and resistance as one visible relationship before treating Ohm's Law as algebra.
Lesson 05
Lesson 5: DC vs AC
Learn the difference between one-direction current and reversing current, then see how devices turn wall power into usable DC.
Lesson 06
Lesson 6: How to Read a Power Adapter Label Without Burning Your Device
Learn the label checks that matter before plugging an adapter into a device: voltage, type, current, connector, polarity, and USB-C negotiation.
Lesson 07
Lesson 7: Power and Energy: Watts, Watt-hours, and Electric Bills
Learn why watts measure the rate of energy transfer, why watt-hours measure total energy, and how kilowatt-hours become an electric bill.
Lesson 08
Lesson 8: Conductors, Insulators, Grounding, and Safety
Learn how conductors guide current, how insulators resist unwanted paths, and how grounding gives fault current a safer route.